Why we're here:
This blog is to highlight the unjust persecution of legitimate non-TV users at the hands of TV Licensing. These people do not require a licence and are entitled to live without the unnecessary stress and inconvenience caused by TV Licensing's correspondence and employees.

If you use equipment to receive live broadcast TV programmes, or to watch or download BBC on-demand programmes via the iPlayer, then the law requires you to have a TV licence and we encourage you to buy one.

If you've just arrived here from a search engine, then you might find our Quick Guide helpful.

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Thursday, 14 August 2008

TV Detector Vans


In our previous post about TV Detection we mentioned that the BBC was very shy when it came to revealing how many detector vans they actually had.

Thankfully the company that fitted the most recent (June 2003) detector vans, dB Broadcast, were so pleased to be awarded the rolling maintenance and recalibration contract that they let slip an important piece of information.

In their 2004 end of year summary dB say the contract "involves one dedicated test engineer and one wiring technician working on each of the vehicles for a week at a time every six months."

It therefore follows that the new detector van fleet is a maximum of 24 vehicles. In all likelihood the actual fleet is probably smaller than that, with even fewer vans operating on any given day.

Wednesday, 13 August 2008

TV Detection


At the heart of TV Licensing's detection system is their massive database of licensed addresses. TV Licensing receive information for this database from TV dealers, the Post Office and licence holders. Any property that doesn't have a licence will be subject to further investigations to find out why.

From my previous post about TV Licensing Correspondence you'll see that their initial approach is to send reminder letters to the unlicensed address. These reminder letters are often offensive, patronising and accusative in tone.

Little wonder then that many genuine non-TV users are making a stand against TV Licensing intimidation by being as uncooperative as possible with their incessant requests for information.

Enforcement officer visits:
Non-TV users are under no obligation to respond to TV Licensing's correspondence, but if they don't they eventually run the risk of having an Enforcement Officer visit their property.

Remember that unless the Enforcement Officer has a search warrant, which they almost certainly won't on an initial visit, the occupant is under no legal obligation to let them in. They should simply keep quiet and close the door.

Enforcement Officers are cheap - they're paid a pittance and work on a commission basis, which explains why some of them try almost anything, legal or otherwise, to drum up licence sales and prosecutions.

Most search warrants come as the result of an Enforcement Officer seeing or hearing television equipment in use or the occupier admitting they are using such equipment.

TV detection equipment:
TV Licensing also have detection equipment (detector vans and portable units) that they can use to gather evidence on target properties. The exact number and nature of these units is shrouded in secrecy, but if you believe the word of the BBC:
  • The equipment in detector vans takes as little as 20 seconds to work and has a range of up to 60 metres. It is able to distinguish between two television sets either side of a party wall.
  • The vehicles use GPS technology to identify target addresses.
  • A new type (2003 model) detector van costs £108,474.59.
  • A new portable unit costs around £600.
  • The latest portable detection equipment has a range of up to 20 metres.
  • The van based detection equipment is developed internally by BBC Research and Development and manufactured/installed by dB Broadcast.
  • The latest portable detection equipment was developed solely by the BBC.
  • Detection technology is generally used to obtain search warrants after Enforcement Officer visits have proved unsuccessful.
  • Detection equipment relies on the television equipment being in use at the time of the visit.
Just as interesting are the questions that the BBC refused to answer:
  • The total number of detector vans and the number operating on an average day.
  • The number of court cases where the use of detection equipment has resulted in a conviction.
  • The number of search warrants obtained on the basis of detection equipment evidence.
Those answers (and non-answers) provided by the BBC suggest that the use of detection equipment isn't very widespread and is reserved for cases where conventional detection (Enforcement Officer eyes and ears) has failed to obtain evidence of wrongdoing. The fact that detection equipment is normally used to obtain search warrants also suggests that evidence of the equipment alone is insufficient to secure a conviction.

TV Licensing are also known to use detection vans for deterrent purposes in licence evasion black spots.

Related posts:
TV Licensing Rights of Access

Tuesday, 12 August 2008

Detected by Capita

Looks like the highly trained chimps of Capita have been feverish searching Google for new TV Licensing related material.

We've been detected.


Vyv - eat the telly!

Sunday, 10 August 2008

Viewing Prerecorded Media

A television licence is only required for equipment used to receive or record television signals as they are concurrently broadcast to the wider public via the airwaves.

It therefore follows that a licence is not required if you are only using a television set to view prerecorded videos, DVDs or other electronically stored data.

Likewise, you do not require a licence if you are only using a television set as a monitor for your games console, CCTV system or PC (see post about Online Viewing).

However, should an Enforcement Officer visit an unlicensed property it may prove difficult to convince them the equipment wasn't used to receive or record television signals unless it was clearly uninstalled.

You can uninstall your television equipment by ensuring the following:
  • The equipment in question is disconnected from any external aerial lead.
  • The equipment is also detuned, so it can't easily (at the press of a button) show any broadcast television picture.
Contrary to what TV Licensing would have you believe, you are under no obligation to inform them if you are only using uninstalled television equipment to view prerecorded material.

Related posts:
Online Viewing
No TV Licence Required

Saturday, 9 August 2008

Online Viewing

As I'm sure you're all aware by now a television licence is only required when television equipment is used to receive or record television signals as they are broadcast to the wider public.

Online viewing of previously broadcast programmes falls outside this description and does not require a television licence. This includes, but isn't limited to, use of services like BBC iPlayer, Demand Five and 4oD, which show programmes after they have been broadcast to the public via the airwaves.

In the case of a PC used to receive or record programmes as they are broadcast via the airwaves - whether that's via TV card and aerial or online stream - the property does require a television licence.

In future the BBC intends to increase the amount of broadcast television content that is concurrently streamed online. This is going to make it increasingly difficult (virtually impossible) to detect licence evaders who are receiving programmes via the web.

Friday, 8 August 2008

TV Licence Validity

Please remember two very important points:
  • TV licences are only valid for the address shown: If you move home and wish to remain licensed you will have to inform TV Licensing of your new address.
  • TV licences are valid for one year from the last day of the previous month: This catches a lot of people out and causes widespread infuriation. It means that if you renew your licence on 30th July it is actually only valid until 30th June the following year. In effect you're paying for 12-months but only getting 11-months of licence.
The second point raises an interesting question. Given that TV Licensing, with their huge database of invasive information, undoubtedly know the exact issue (therefore expiry) date of every single licence, why do they round back the expiry date to the end of the previous month?

The message is do not renew your licence until it has expired and ensure this is at the beginning of the month.

Related posts:
Buying a TV Licence
Changing TV Licence Details

Thursday, 7 August 2008

TV Licensing Rights of Access


TV Licensing employees do not have any legal automatic right of access to any property.

From previous posts you'll be aware that a television licence is only required when television equipment is used to receive (e.g. watch or record) TV programmes at the same time (or virtually the same time) as they are broadcast to the wider public. Additionally, from 1st September 2016, a TV licence is required if equipment is used to receive (e.g. watch or download) on-demand programmes via the BBC iPlayer.

If you don't use equipment as described above then you don't require a television licence.

Unlicensed properties are flagged by TV Licensing's database and will be subject to further investigation. This usually involves sending regular licence reminder letters (referred to as "threatograms") to the property, which are eventually followed up by a visit by one of TV Licensing's doorstep salespeople. TV Licensing refer to their salespeople as "visiting officers", but members of the legally-licence-free community generally refer to them as "goons".

Even if the legal occupier has replied saying they have no television receiving equipment TV Licensing will attempt visit the property to confirm that is the case.

For this reason an increasing number of people who don't require a licence are making a stand against TV Licensing on a point of principle.

The law:
Unless the goon has a search warrant for your property you do not have to let them in. Without that warrant they have no more rights of access than anyone else visiting - in fact you can even withdraw their implied right of access by writing to TV Licensing (see later).

Goons, who earn commission on every licence they sell, are notoriously economical with the truth and may try to con their way into your home using legal jargon or threats. Unless they have that search warrant it's all bluff and, for reasons that will become apparent below, they're very unlikely have a warrant if it's their first visit.

Search warrants:
A search warrant is a legal document signed by a Magistrate (England, Wales and Northern Ireland) or a Sheriff (Scotland). There is no standard prescribed format for the warrant but it must include the address of the property and the reason for the search. The warrant must be executed within one calendar month (England, Wales and Northern Ireland) or 28 days (Scotland) of the date of issue.

TV Licensing can only obtain a warrant by making representations to a Magistrate, under oath, that they have reasonable suspicion (e.g. some evidence) that television receiving equipment is being used illegally within a property. There is an onus on the Magistrate to only issue a warrant when the evidence justifies it. In theory the Magistrate should refuse to authorise the search if the evidence is too weak. In practice, as experience shows, Magistrates often take TV Licensing's word as sacrosanct and grant warrant applications made on the basis of questionable evidence.

In practical terms there are only two forms of evidence that TV Licensing can offer when requesting a search warrant:
  • That the legal occupant has admitted that they are using television receiving equipment without a licence.
  • That a goon has observed or heard television receiving equipment being used in an unlicensed property.
Some people have voiced concerns that TV Licensing don't tell the whole truth when applying for warrants. There's a train of thought that they sometimes exaggerate their evidence to secure a search warrant. This is supported by the fact that they have searched properties and found no evidence whatsoever of television receiving equipment.

The following are not usually considered sufficient grounds for the issue of a search warrant:
  • The fact that the property is unlicensed.
  • Ownership a television.
  • Non co-operation with TV Licensing.
  • The presence of a television aerial or satellite dish on the exterior of the property.
If a goon turns up with a search warrant then it is an offence to refuse them access. We are aware of two recent cases where the occupiers, who had previously been listening to "Freeman of the Land" mumbo jumbo, thought they were immune from prosecution if they refused to consent to a search warrant execution. Both of those occupiers were subsequently convicted of search warrant obstruction.

The warrant will allow them to search for and inspect television receiving equipment - it does not give them carte blanche to search through personal documentation or anything like that.

In theory the warrant permits TV Licensing to force entry to conduct their search if the property is unoccupied or the occupant refuses to answer the door. In practice it is TV Licensing policy not to force entry in these circumstances, but to return later and make further attempts to execute the warrant.

They will usually be accompanied by the police, who are only there to prevent a breach of the peace. However, be aware that search warrants are granted to TV Licensing and there is no legal requirement for the police to be present when they are executed. The police should not provide any assistance to TV Licensing with the actual search.

TV Licensing search warrants are exceptionally rare. If you're legally licence free, as we hope all our readers are, then you should never need to worry about the threat of a search warrant. If TV Licensing ever do turn up with a warrant then you are well within your rights to film them and we strongly recommend you do.

Implied rights of access:
There is an implied right of access for certain visitors to your property. For example, having a letterbox means that you accept people will deliver things and the presence of a door bell indicates you're open to callers.

You can withdraw TV Licensing's implied right of access by writing to them and saying so. If they ignore your request they'd be trespassing on your property and liable to civil prosecution and negative publicity.

The BBC has previously indicated that TV Licensing will comply with any Withdrawal of Implied Rights of Access (WOIRA), but we are aware that TV Licensing often ignore WOIRA instructions and single out those properties for special attention.

If you've found this article useful please support us by liking us on Facebookfollowing us on Twitter or downloading our free ebook.

Further anti-BBC reading:

TV Licensing Correspondence

In a previous post, No TV Licence Required, I mentioned that the legal occupier of any property without a television licence could expect TV Licensing to ask them why.

TV Licensing work on the principle that you're either correctly licenced or you're a licence evader. They refuse to accept at face value any declaration that you haven't got a television, which is why they'll try and make an invasive confirmatory visit anyway.

As soon as TV Licensing notice that you haven't got a licence you can expect to receive an incessant stream of reminder letters most of which are offensive, patronising and accusative in tone.

Here are some recent examples:
April 2008:

May 2008:

June 2008:

July 2008:

You'll notice that TV Licensing barely acknowledgement that the recipient might not be using television receiving equipment and therefore might not need a licence. You'll also notice that TV Licensing offer no apology for unnecessarily bothering those people who do not require a licence.

Remember that you are under no legal obligation to respond to any of these letters. If you decide to reply voluntarily there's no guarantee that TV Licensing will leave you in peace - in fact they probably won't.

Edit: Watchkeeper picks apart the content of one of these threatograms in a future post.

Related posts:
TV Licensing Rights of Access

No TV Licence Required

This is where things begin to get interesting.

A television licence is only required when equipment is used to receive or record television signals as they are broadcast to the wider public. (Edit: From 1st September 2016, a TV licence will also be required if a person uses equipment to receive on-demand programmes on the BBC iPlayer. Please see here for more information).

If you don't use equipment as described above then you don't require a television licence.

You would think, understandably, that if you don't need a licence then you simply don't bother to buy one. That should be the end of the matter but it isn't. It won't take TV Licensing long to realise that your address is unlicensed and, given their misguided impression that no-one in the world can live without television, they'll want to know why.

Bear in mind too that they'll have a record of any television receiving equipment you have purchased or hired from one of their registered dealers in the past.

If your address is flagged on their database as being unlicensed then you can expect them to write to you asking for an explanation. They have received a lot of negative publicity about the tone and manner of their letters.

A lot of what is written is intended to scare licence evaders into buying a new licence, but this also has the consequence of appearing rude and accusatory to the innocent. They also like to bend the truth with regard to what your obligations are as the legal occupier of an unlicensed property.

I shall write a future post dedicated entirely to TV Licensing correspondence.

If you receive one of these letters you have two options - either respond saying you do not require a licence or ignore it.

Responding:
Let me be 100% clear that you are not legally obliged to respond to any of their licence reminder letters. A lot of people choose to respond anyway because they think, mistakenly, that it will stop TV Licensing from bothering them again in future. It won't. If you tell them that you do not require a licence they will expect to make a confirmatory visit to verify that you're telling the truth.

That last sentence sums up nicely why TV Licensing is despised by non-TV viewers. You make the effort to reply - even though you aren't required to - and they basically accuse you of being a liar by insisting that they come and inspect your property anyway.

Suffice to say that they have no legal right, unless they have a search warrant (which they won't), to come and inspect your property and you should refuse to let them do so. I shall talk more about TV Licensing's rights of access in a future post.

Unfortunately, if you refuse to allow them access they will probably continue to harangue you with their irritating and accusatory reminder letters.

Even if you do roll over and let them inspect your property you can expect them to write again within about 6-months to check that your circumstances haven't changed.

Another thing I should mention is that if you do respond you are inevitably providing TV Licensing with extra information, which they could potentially use against you in future.

Ignoring:
This is an increasingly popular course of action as more people recognise and wish to make a stand against the underhand tactics employed by TV Licensing.

As I said previously, you are under no legal obligation to respond to these letters. If you don't use television receiving equipment then you are not committing an offence and you should be able to live without fear or intimidation from TV Licensing.

You can expect their letters to increasing in frequency and become more accusatory in tone. Eventually, probably after several months of ignored letters, they will send one of their Enforcement Officers to pay you a visit.

As mentioned before they have no legal right, unless they have a search warrant (which they won't), to come and inspect your property and you should refuse to let them do so. They won't necessarily be candid about their lack of access rights, so don't be fooled into letting them in.

The best advice is to ignore the Enforcement Officer completely and avoid disclosing any personal information. Simply refuse to answer the door to anyone who identifies they're from TV Licensing. If you answer the door and discover it's an Enforcement Officer just keep quiet and close the door.

You can avoid these non-search warrant visits altogether by withdrawing TV Licensing's implied right of access to your property. More information about TV Licensing's rights of access in a future post.

Important:
If an Enforcement Officer visits and manages to see or hear a television in your property (even if it's only hooked up to a DVD player) then that is reasonable grounds for them to obtain a search warrant. It's a good idea to keep television sets away from windows and out of sight and earshot of the letter box.

If you've found this article useful please consider liking us on Facebook, following us on Twitter or downloading our free ebook.

Related posts:
TV Licensing Correspondence
TV Licensing Rights of Access

Edit (15/8/16): Added note about changes to legislation from 1st September 2016. For more information see here.

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Wednesday, 6 August 2008

TV Licensing for Hotels, Guest Houses and Campsites

A television licence is needed for a hotel, guesthouse or campsite where any staff or guests use television receiving equipment to watch television programmes as they're being broadcast to members of the public.

Each unit of accommodation, mobile unit or other area in which television receiving equipment is installed or used must be covered by a licence.

The licence fee is based on the number of units of accommodation or mobile units used as accommodation in which television receiving equipment is installed or used.

For up to 15 units a single standard licence fee of is payable. For more than 15 units, a single standard fee is payable for the first 15 units and an additional single standard fee for every extra 5 units (or part thereof).

Hotels:
The law says a hotel is any establishment offering accommodation consisting wholly or mainly of units of overnight accommodation for guests staying no longer than 28 consecutive nights.

A unit of overnight accommodation includes a room, caravan, tent, movable dwelling or any other structure in which a person can be accommodated overnight as provided by your establishment. Pitches and third party owned units (e.g. owner occupied caravans) are units of accommodation.

If you offer more accommodation to long-term guests (staying longer than 28 consecutive nights) than to short-term guests (staying 28 consecutive nights or less), you do not qualify as a hotel. However, you may still qualify as a provider of mobile units.

The hotel must be situated on just one premises or site. A public road, highway or railway dividing a site will create two or more separate sites. Buildings including houses not owned by the hotel but on the same site may also divide the hotel. Separate applications must be submitted for each premises or site.

If your establishment qualifies as a hotel, your licence will cover the installation and use of all television receiving equipment in guest rooms, the proprietor's on-site private living areas, on-site staff accommodation, common rooms and any other areas that are part of the same establishment and on the same site.

Mobile units:
The law says a mobile unit is a unit of overnight accommodation provided to guests by the same person and operated from the same place.

A mobile unit is any unit offered or used as overnight accommodation for guests and capable of being moved easily from one location to another. A unit will generally be regarded as being capable of being moved easily if:

  • It's on wheels or wheels can be easily attached to it, or
  • It's motorised or a motor can easily be attached to it, or
  • There's another design element that makes it easy to move.

  • If you qualify as the provider of mobile units, your licence will only cover the installation and use of television receiving equipment in mobile units. It will not cover any other type of guest accommodation or communal or other additional areas.

    Tuesday, 5 August 2008

    TV Licensing for Businesses

    You need a television licence for your business if you or any of your staff, guests or visitors uses television receiving equipment at your business address to watch or record television programmes as they're being broadcast to members of the public.

    You don't need a licence if:
    • You use a digital box with a hi-fi system or another device that can only be used to produce sounds and can't display television programmes and you don't install or use any other television receiving equipment.
    • You use a television set or computer monitor for closed circuit monitoring and you don't install or use any other television receiving equipment.
    • You use a television set or computer to watch only pre-recorded DVDs or videos (e.g. for training purposes) and you don't install or use any other television receiving equipment.
    A single licence covers all television receiving equipment being used at a single business site.

    It allows everyone who works at the site to use a television receiver in any building, vehicle, vessel or caravan being used for a business purpose. It also allows any visitors to watch television at the site.

    It does not cover the use of television receiving equipment in:
    • Residential accommodation within your premises.
    • Separately run on-site welfare or social clubs.
    • Areas of your premises that you sublet to another business.
    Television receiving equipment being used in any of these areas will need to be separately licensed. If you sublet part of your premises to another business, it is their responsibility to ensure that they have a licence.

    TV Licensing for Members of the Armed Forces

    Military establishments are not exempt from TV licence laws. This means that all television receiving or recording equipment must be appropriately licensed.

    Televisions in working areas like classrooms, guardrooms, cookhouses and communal areas in junior ranks accommodation blocks are likely to be covered by the establishment's own licence.

    Individuals wishing to use television equipment in their barrack room require a licence to do so. Only one licence is needed per room in the case of multiple occupancy.

    Anyone using a device powered solely by its own internal batteries to watch or record television programmes will be covered by their home licence and does not require an additional licence.

    Service families accommodation and single living accommodation must also be licensed separately.

    Service personnel posted elsewhere in the UK will need to inform TV Licensing of their new address so that the licence is transferred and remains valid.

    Personnel posted overseas who no longer need their licence can surrender it for a partial refund.

    These rules also apply to foreign service personnel temporarily resident in the UK.

    TV Licensing for Students

    In our previous post, TV Licensing Law, we established that:
    • Rental properties of joint occupancy (e.g. each of the occupiers' names feature on a single tenancy agreement) are considered a single property for TV licensing purposes.
    • In rental properties of multiple occupancy (e.g. where each individual has their own tenancy agreement) a licence is required by each occupant intending to use a television (or other licensable equipment) in their own room. An additional licence is required to cover equipment in communal areas of the property.
    Student halls of residence fall into the second of these categories, meaning a student requires a licence if they intend to use a television in their own room. The university or college administering the property is usually responsible for licensing equipment in communal areas.

    In the case of accommodation rented from a private landlord the number of licenses required will depend on the terms of the tenancy agreement.

    Only 12-month licences are available, but these can be surrendered early for a partial refund if the television won't be in use (e.g. during the summer holidays).

    Students using a television powered solely by its own internal battery are covered by the licence of their home address and do not require an additional licence.

    More information is available on the TV Licensing website.

    Which Devices Require a TV Licence?

    As previously mentioned, the law requires that a licence is obtained for any device that is "installed or used" for "receiving a television programme at the same time (or virtually the same time) as it is received by members of the public".

    Using the following types of equipment could require a TV licence:
    • Television sets.
    • VCRs.
    • Combined DVD player/VCRs.
    • DVD recorders.
    • Digital set top boxes.
    • PCs fitted with a TV card.
    • PC TV cards.
    The Wireless Telegraphy Act 1967 (as amended) requires that dealers inform TV Licensing of every sale or rental involving these pieces of equipment.

    In order to do this the dealer has to ask some questions at the time of purchase/rental. It should be noted however that the buyer/hirer is under no legal obligation to answer correctly.


    Dealers have 28 days from the purchase/rental date to provide TV Licensing with the following information:
    • The buyer or hirer's details (title, initials and surname as well as the address and postcode of where the equipment will be installed).
    • The date of transaction.
    • Whether the equipment is colour or black and white.
    • Dealer's name and address.
    • Dealer's registration and outlet number.
    • Optionally, the type of equipment it is (TV set, DVD or video recorder, digital box, PC or laptop with TV card etc).
    TV Licensing check the information provided with the details (names and addresses) on their licence database. They will investigate cases where the information doesn't match up (e.g. someone who buys a TV for an unlicenced property).

    Dealers who fail to provide TV Licensing with this information are liable to a maximum fine of £1,000 per offence.

    This system of snooping on buyers/hirers is open to much criticism. It is inherently flawed for the following reasons:
    • There's no way of checking that the information provided at the time of sale/rental is given correctly.
    • People often give their work address at the time of sale/rental but end up using the equipment at their home address or vice versa.
    • Many people buy television receiving equipment as a gift for someone else.
    • No-one can know with any certainty where a laptop with TV card is going to be used.
    • It only applies to goods purchased/rented from a TV Licensing registered dealer - not private sales conducted via other means.
    There have also been several reports that TV Licensing are taking an interest in pieces of equipment that, although not requiring a licence in their own right, imply the use of licensable equipment nearby - DVD players are an obvious example.

    Edit (1/9/16): This is an archive post. Please note the following key changes:
    - A TV licence is now needed by anyone using the BBC iPlayer to receive BBC on-demand programmes (more info here). Curiously enough a TV licence is not legally required to receive S4C on-demand programmes via the BBC iPlayer.
    - The system of dealer notification has now ceased (more info here).

    Changing TV Licence Details

    The law requires that a licence is obtained for any device that is "installed or used" for "receiving a television programme at the same time (or virtually the same time) as it is received by members of the public".

    The licence is only valid for the use of television receiving or recording equipment at the address shown. Any change of address should be notified to TV Licensing so that they can update their records and to maintain your licence validity.

    The licence holder can also change their other personal details (although there is no legal requirement to do so) or payment method by contacting TV Licensing.

    Related posts:
    TV Licence Validity

    Monday, 4 August 2008

    Buying a TV Licence

    The price of the TV licence is set every year by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.

    There are several ways of obtaining and paying for your licence, which is valid for one year.
    • Direct Debit: Choose to pay in either monthly or quarterly installments.
    • Credit or debit card: Via the TV Licensing website. Have your card details handy.
    • TV Licensing savings card: Save for your licence throughout the year. The card can be topped up at any of the UK's 19,000 PayPoint outlets or by credit or debit card.
    • PayPoint: Make a one-off payment for your licence at any PayPoint outlet.
    • Cash payment plan: Spread the cost of your licence making small, regular PayPoint payments every week or fortnight.
    • BACS: Make a one-off payment direct from your bank account to theirs.
    • Online bill management: Some online bank accounts provide a shortcut to paying your licence fee.
    • Cheque: Make payable to 'TV Licensing', write your name, address and TV licence number (if renewing) on the back and pop in the post to: Customer Services, TV Licensing, Bristol BS98 1TL.
    Several types of licence are available depending on your television equipment (colour or black and white) and personal circumstances (residential or business property).

    People over the age of 75 are entitled to a free licence. The law requires that they still have the licence (even though it's free) before they use television receiving or recording equipment.

    The blind and partially sighted are entitled to a 50% discount on their licence fee and people in residential care are eligible for a substantial discount.

    Further details can be found on the TV Licensing website.

    Related posts:
    TV Licence Validity

    TV Licensing Law

    The current legislation governing the television licence is the Communications Act 2003.

    The law requires that a licence is obtained for any device that is "installed or used" for "receiving a television programme at the same time (or virtually the same time) as it is received by members of the public".

    According to TV Licensing, the body tasked with overseeing the licensing process, "You need a TV licence to use any television receiving equipment such as a TV set, digital box, DVD or video recorder, PC, laptop or mobile phone to watch or record television programmes as they're being shown on TV".

    The 2003 Act states that a licence is required for the reception of any TV signal regardless of where it originates. This closes a previous loophole where the reception of TV signals from the continent (or further) was exempt.

    Crucially, a licence is not required for:
    • Digital boxes used with a hi-fi system or another device that can only be used to produce sounds.
    • Television sets installed and used solely for some purpose other than watching or recording television programmes (e.g. closed-circuit TV monitor, DVD or video player or games console).
    • Watching on-demand programmes apart from those on the BBC iPlayer.
    • Merely owning television receiving or recording equipment.
    A licence is required to watch live TV broadcasts anywhere, including residential and business premises. From 1st September 2016 a TV licence is also required to receive on-demand programmes via the BBC iPlayer.

    For residential premises, only one licence is required per household per address, regardless of the number of licensed devices or the number of members of the household.

    A rented property with joint occupancy is considered a single property and requires only one licence.

    In a rented property of multiple occupancy (e.g. each person has their own tenancy agreement) the tenant will require their own licence if they are using a television in their room. Such a property would need an additional licence to cover any television set in a communal area.

    Use of television in a static caravan is covered by the licence held for the user's main address, provided there is no simultaneous use of television at both places, and the use of television in a touring caravan is always covered by the user's main home licence.

    The use of a television set which is powered solely by its own internal batteries is covered for any address by the user's main home licence, but requires a separate licence if it is plugged into the mains or other external power source, such as a car battery: this also applies to TV-enabled mobile telephones.

    If you've found this article useful please consider using our Amazon link for your shopping or downloading our free ebook.

    Edit (1/9/2016): The post has been updated to reflect the recent changes in legislation. From today a TV licence is needed if a person wishes to receive on-demand programmes via the BBC iPlayer.

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    Contents Index

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